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The Death Match ((ロシア語:Матч смерти)) is a name given in postwar historiography to the football match played in Kiev in ''Reichskommissariat Ukraine'' (abbreviated RKU) under occupation by Nazi Germany. The Kiev city team ''Start'' (Cyrillic: Старт) which represented the city Bread Factory No.1 played several football games in World War II. The team was composed mostly of former professional footballers of Dynamo Kyiv and Lokomotyv Kyiv who worked at the factory under the occupation authority. The game took place on 9 August 1942 at the Kiev city stadium against the German team ''Flakelf'', made up of air defense artillery football players. == Background == Football had become very popular in the Soviet Union in the 1930s which led to establishment of the Soviet Top League in 1936. Football competitions had existed since 1900 in the former Russian Empire. Many football clubs were restructured after the October Revolution. That happened with Dynamo Kyiv, which was created in place of the existing team of ''Sovtorgsluzhashchie'' in 1927. Dynamo Kyiv was part of the Dynamo sports society and was funded by the police (including the NKVD), became one of the strongest team in the Soviet Ukraine in the 1930s, winning a number of republican championships and cup competitions. In 1936, Dynamo Kyiv came in second in the first Soviet championship. Lokomotyv Kyiv, which was created almost a decade prior to Dynamo, also had several winning seasons in the Kiev city competitions and was admitted to compete at the third tier of Soviet competitions in 1936. A Kiev native Georgiy Kuzmin points out in his book ''Facts and fiction of our football'' (''Были и небыли нашего футбола'') that the first squads of Dynamo Kyiv included number of regular Cheka members among whom was Konstantin Fomin. Konstantin Fomin is known to have participated in repressions against Kharkiv sportsmen of Polish descent during 1935–1936.〔Kipiani, V. ''("Byli i niebyli nasheva futbola". From the Polytechnic to the Death match )''. Ukrayinska Pravda. May 5, 2012.〕 Right before the World War II, Fomin also played in Lokomotyv. Because players were not getting paid regularly, the football team of Dynamo for sometime had a shortage (only eight players).〔 The team's captain Konstantin Shchegodsky even tried to escape to Dnipropetrovsk, where he played FC Dynamo Dnipropetrovsk, but was forced to come back.〔 During the Holodomor in 1932–33 half of the team escaped to Ivanovo near Moscow.〔 Two of Dynamo's players, Pionkovsky and Sviridovsky, were arrested by the NKVD agents during an attempt to exchange several cuts of cloth for products and therefore had to work "for the good of the country" for two years in a penal colony. During the Great Purge in 1938 Piontkovsky, and one of the Dynamo's team creators, Barminsky, were shot as 1941. The season was never completed, as Germany invaded the Soviet Union on 22 June 1941. Several Dynamo Kyiv players joined the military and went off to fight. The initial success of the ''Wehrmacht'' allowed it to capture the city from the Red Army. Several of the Dynamo Kyiv players who had survived the onslaught found themselves in prisoner-of-war camps. In taking Kiev the Germans captured over 600,000 Soviet soldiers. The city was under a strict occupation regime. Universities and schools were shut down; only in 1942 a four-year school for the Ukrainian population was introduced. Youth from 15 years and adults until 60 years were submitted to labour obligations.〔Hynda, Volodymyr: ''Ukrainsky sport pid natsystskoyu svastykoyu (1941-1944 rr.)''. Zhytomyr 2012, p. 321.〕 Thousands of inhabitants were deported to Germany for forced labour. The Germans controlled the Ukrainian police, who took part in the hunt for Bolsheviks and Jews. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Death Match」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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